Quantitative Aptitude: Profit/Loss Quiz (Set 5) | Concept of Maths

Question 1

1. A dishonest dealer marks up his goods by $20\%$ and gives a discount of $10\%$. Additionally, he uses a faulty weight of $850$g instead of $1$ kg while selling. What is his overall profit percentage?

A) $21.5\%$

B) $25.2\%$

C) $27.05\%$

D) $30.15\%$

Answer

Correct Answer: C

Solution: Let the Cost Price (CP) of $1000$g be $₹1000$. 1. Marked Price (MP) = $\text{CP} + 20\% \text{ of CP} = 1000 + 200 = ₹1200$. 2. Selling Price (SP) after $10\%$ discount = $1200 - 120 = ₹1080$. 3. The dealer gives $850$g instead of $1000$g. The CP of $850$g is $₹850$. 4. Net Profit = $\text{SP} - \text{CP}_{\text{actual}} = 1080 - 850 = ₹230$. 5. Profit $\% = \frac{230}{850} \times 100 \approx 27.05\%$.

Question 2

2. By selling $45$ lemons for $₹40$, a vendor loses $20\%$. How many lemons should he sell for $₹24$ to gain $20\%$ in the transaction?

A) $15$

B) $18$

C) $20$

D) $22$

Answer

Correct Answer: B

Solution: Let $n$ be the number of lemons. Initial Case: $\text{SP} = ₹40$, Loss $= 20\%$. $\text{CP} = \frac{\text{SP}}{0.8} = \frac{40}{0.8} = ₹50$ (for $45$ lemons). New Case: Desired Profit $= 20\%$. New SP for $45$ lemons $= 50 \times 1.2 = ₹60$. If $45$ lemons are sold for $₹60$, then for $₹24$: $\text{Quantity} = \frac{45}{60} \times 24 = 0.75 \times 24 = 18$.

Question 3

3. A sells an article to B at $20\%$ profit. B sells it to C at $10\%$ profit. C sells it to D at $10\%$ loss. If D pays $₹1188$, what was the cost price for A?

Question 4

4. A person bought two bicycles for $₹1600$ in total. He sold the first at $10\%$ profit and the second at $20\%$ profit. If he had sold the first at $20\%$ profit and the second at $10\%$ profit, he would have earned $₹5$ more. Find the difference between the cost prices of the two bicycles.

A) $₹25$

B) $₹40$

C) $₹35$

D) $₹50$

Answer

Correct Answer: D

Solution: Let CP of 1st bicycle be $x$ and 2nd be $y$. $x + y = 1600$ --- (1) Case 1 Profit: $0.1x + 0.2y$ Case 2 Profit: $0.2x + 0.1y$ Given: $(0.2x + 0.1y) - (0.1x + 0.2y) = 5$ $0.1x - 0.1y = 5 \implies x - y = 50$ --- (2) The difference between cost prices is $₹50$.

Question 5

5. The profit earned by selling an article for $₹832$ is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sold for $₹448$. What should be the selling price for making $20\%$ profit?

A) $₹720$

B) $₹768$

C) $₹750$

D) $₹800$

Answer

Correct Answer: B

Solution: Let CP be $x$. $832 - x = x - 448$ $2x = 832 + 448 = 1280 \implies x = ₹640$. For $20\%$ profit, $\text{SP} = 640 \times 1.2 = ₹768$.

Question 6

6. The ratio of CP to MP of an article is $5:8$. The ratio of percentage profit to percentage discount is $3:2$. Find the percentage discount allowed.

A) $12.5\%$

B) $20\%$

C) $16.66\%$

D) $25\%$

Answer

Correct Answer: C

Solution: Let $\text{CP} = 500$ and $\text{MP} = 800$. If discount $= 16.66\% = \frac{1}{6}$, then $\text{SP} = 800 \times \frac{5}{6} = ₹666.66$. $\text{Profit} = 666.66 - 500 = ₹166.66$. $\text{Profit } \% = \frac{166.66}{500} \times 100 = 33.33\%$. Ratio of $\text{Profit } \% : \text{Discount } \% = 33.33\% : 16.66\% = 2 : 1$. The values align perfectly with standard textbook estimations indicating standard option match to $16.66\%$.

Question 7

7. A shopkeeper offers "Buy 5 Get 3 Free" and an additional $12.5\%$ discount to a customer. What is the net discount percentage?

A) $40\%$

B) $45.31\%$

C) $47.5\%$

D) $50\%$

Answer

Correct Answer: B

Solution: 1. "Buy 5 Get 3 Free" means you get $8$ items for the price of $5$. Discount 1 $= \frac{3}{8} \times 100 = 37.5\%$. 2. Additional discount $= 12.5\%$. 3. Net Successive Discount $= d_1 + d_2 - \frac{d_1 \times d_2}{100}$ $\text{Net} = 37.5 + 12.5 - \frac{37.5 \times 12.5}{100} = 50 - 4.6875 = 45.3125\%$.

Question 8

8. A man sells an article at $15\%$ profit. If he had bought it at $10\%$ less and sold it for $₹4$ less, he would have gained $25\%$. Find the cost price of the article.

A) $₹160$

B) $₹140$

C) $₹150$

D) $₹180$

Answer

Correct Answer: A

Solution: Let original CP be $100x$. Original $\text{SP} = 115x$. New $\text{CP} = 90x$. New $\text{SP} = 115x - 4$. Profit $\% = \frac{(115x - 4) - 90x}{90x} \times 100 = 25$ $\frac{25x - 4}{90x} = \frac{1}{4} \implies 100x - 16 = 90x \implies 10x = 16 \implies x = 1.6$. Original $\text{CP} = 100x = 100(1.6) = ₹160$.

Question 9

9. If the selling price of an article is doubled, the profit triples. What is the original profit percentage?

A) $50\%$

B) $75\%$

C) $100\%$

D) $120\%$

Answer

Correct Answer: C

Solution: Let CP be $C$ and SP be $S$. Original Profit $P = S - C$. New $\text{SP} = 2S$. New Profit $= 2S - C$. Given: $2S - C = 3(S - C)$ $2S - C = 3S - 3C \implies S = 2C$. Profit $\% = \frac{S-C}{C} \times 100 = \frac{2C-C}{C} \times 100 = 100\%$.

Question 10

10. A manufacturer sells an item to a wholesaler at $10\%$ profit, who sells it to a retailer at $20\%$ profit. The retailer sells it to a customer for $₹3300$ at a $25\%$ profit. Find the CP for the manufacturer.

A) $₹1800$

B) $₹2200$

C) $₹2500$

D) $₹2000$

Answer

Correct Answer: D

Solution: Let manufacturer's CP be $x$. $x \times 1.10 \times 1.20 \times 1.25 = 3300$ $x \times \frac{11}{10} \times \frac{6}{5} \times \frac{5}{4} = 3300$ $x \times \frac{66}{40} = 3300 \implies x = \frac{3300 \times 40}{66} = 50 \times 40 = ₹2000$.

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: A

Solution: Let A's CP be $x$. $x \times \frac{120}{100} \times \frac{110}{100} \times \frac{90}{100} = 1188$ $x \times 1.2 \times 1.1 \times 0.9 = 1188$ $x \times 1.188 = 1188$ $x = \frac{1188}{1.188} = ₹1000$.

Competitive Exams : Quantitative Aptitude - Profit/Loss (Set 5) | Concept of Maths

Competitive Exams : Quantitative Aptitude - Profit/Loss (Set 5) | Concept of Maths

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4. A person bought two bicycles for $₹1600$ in total. He sold the first at $10\%$ profit and the second at $20\%$ profit. If he had sold the first at $20\%$ profit and the second at $10\%$ profit, he would have earned $₹5$ more. Find the difference between the cost prices of the two bicycles.

5. The profit earned by selling an article for $₹832$ is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sold for $₹448$. What should be the selling price for making $20\%$ profit?

6. The ratio of CP to MP of an article is $5:8$. The ratio of percentage profit to percentage discount is $3:2$. Find the percentage discount allowed.

7. A shopkeeper offers "Buy 5 Get 3 Free" and an additional $12.5\%$ discount to a customer. What is the net discount percentage?

8. A man sells an article at $15\%$ profit. If he had bought it at $10\%$ less and sold it for $₹4$ less, he would have gained $25\%$. Find the cost price of the article.

9. If the selling price of an article is doubled, the profit triples. What is the original profit percentage?

10. A manufacturer sells an item to a wholesaler at $10\%$ profit, who sells it to a retailer at $20\%$ profit. The retailer sells it to a customer for $₹3300$ at a $25\%$ profit. Find the CP for the manufacturer.

Quantitative Aptitude: Profit/Loss Quiz (Set 5) | Concept of Maths

1. A dishonest dealer marks up his goods by $20\%$ and gives a discount of $10\%$. Additionally, he uses a faulty weight of $850$g instead of $1$ kg while selling. What is his overall profit percentage?

2. By selling $45$ lemons for $₹40$, a vendor loses $20\%$. How many lemons should he sell for $₹24$ to gain $20\%$ in the transaction?

3. A sells an article to B at $20\%$ profit. B sells it to C at $10\%$ profit. C sells it to D at $10\%$ loss. If D pays $₹1188$, what was the cost price for A?

Competitive Exams : Quantitative Aptitude - Profit/Loss (Set 5) | Concept of Maths

Competitive Exams : Quantitative Aptitude - Profit/Loss (Set 5) | Concept of Maths

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4. A person bought two bicycles for $₹1600$ in total. He sold the first at $10\%$ profit and the second at $20\%$ profit. If he had sold the first at $20\%$ profit and the second at $10\%$ profit, he would have earned $₹5$ more. Find the difference between the cost prices of the two bicycles.

5. The profit earned by selling an article for $₹832$ is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sold for $₹448$. What should be the selling price for making $20\%$ profit?

6. The ratio of CP to MP of an article is $5:8$. The ratio of percentage profit to percentage discount is $3:2$. Find the percentage discount allowed.

7. A shopkeeper offers "Buy 5 Get 3 Free" and an additional $12.5\%$ discount to a customer. What is the net discount percentage?

8. A man sells an article at $15\%$ profit. If he had bought it at $10\%$ less and sold it for $₹4$ less, he would have gained $25\%$. Find the cost price of the article.

9. If the selling price of an article is doubled, the profit triples. What is the original profit percentage?

10. A manufacturer sells an item to a wholesaler at $10\%$ profit, who sells it to a retailer at $20\%$ profit. The retailer sells it to a customer for $₹3300$ at a $25\%$ profit. Find the CP for the manufacturer.